Cairo is one of the largest cities located in Northern Africa. It is the capital of Egypt, close to Giza City, where the pyramids of Cheops, Kefren, and Mikerinos, also known as the Giza Pyramids Complex, can be found. They are one of the top tourist attractions of the world. The Great Sphinx of Giza, a 4,500-year-old limestone statue, will surprise you.
The Egyptian Museum is another must-see place that you will visit on this tour. You will learn about ancient Egyptian history while admiring the museum’s many antiquities, such as the Gold Mask of Tutankhamun and the mummies of kings.
Wadi El Natrun is a valley in the Egyptian desert with a long spiritual history. Christian monks used it for its serenity, desolate landscapes, and salt lakes. In Wadi El Natrun, you will find well-preserved monasteries such as the Monastery of Saint Bishoy, ancient churches, and unique architecture.
In Alexandria, you will enjoy a spectacular view of the Corniche waterfront and explore the Great Library of Alexandria, one of the most iconic libraries of the ancient world.
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A city located near Cairo, it is internationally known for the Great Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx, and many other ancient structures. The Great Pyramids of Giza include the Great Pyramid of Cheops, the Pyramid of Khafre, and Mykerinos. Giza is a major global tourism destination with millions of visitors every year. Giza also offers light shows at night where the pyramids and the Sphinx are illuminated. The archaeological excavations in Giza are still active and continue to reveal the wonders of the ancient Egyptian civilization. Giza is easily accessible from Cairo, including the Cairo International Airport.
The Great Pyramid of Giza was the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu, and it is the largest Egyptian pyramid. It is composed of around 2.3 million blocks of granite and limestone. The Great Pyramid’s sides are aligned to the cardinal points of the compass. The original appearance of the pyramid reflected the sun’s light, which made it shine brightly. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Address: X4HM+MPC, Al Haram, Nazlet El-Semman, Al Haram, Giza Governorate 3512201, Egypt
It is the second-largest pyramid in the Giza pyramid complex and served as the tomb of Pharaoh Khafre, the son of Pharaoh Khufu. Its location is on higher ground, which makes it look higher than the other pyramids with larger stones of limestone blocks. The pyramid of Khafre is close to the Nile Valley and the Sphinx. It is also aligned with the cardinal points of the compass.
Address: X4GJ+97F, Al Haram, Giza Governorate 3512201, Egypt
It is the smallest of the three main pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex and served as the tomb of Pharaoh Menkaure. The height of this pyramid is around 65 meters (213 feet), made of enormous limestone blocks. It is also aligned with the cardinal points of the compass.
Address: X4CH+X68، الهرم، الهرم،, Giza Governorate 3512201, Egypt
One of the world’s largest sculptures in the world, the Great Sphinx of Giza features a lion’s body with a human head. Many scholars agree that the head represents the Pharaoh Khafre, with a height of about 20 meters (66 feet) and a length of 73 meters (240 feet). The statue showcases the ceremonial beard and the Nemes headdress features of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs. Many fine contours and undulations form part of the Sphinx body, revealing the Egyptian craftsmanship of the time.
Ancient Egypt’s civilization will surprise you with the many monuments and landmarks unique from the Egyptian culture. It is close to the Giza which is the home of the Giza pyramid complex, including the Pyramid of Cheops (the Great Pyramid), the Pyramid of Khafre (Chephren), the Pyramid of Menkaure (Mykerinos), and the Great Sphinx.
Since 1902, the museum has protected an extensive collection of more than 170,000 items that shows the rich history of Egypt, one of the world’s oldest civilizations. You will find pharaonic treasures, jewelry, mummies, statues, and monumental items from different periods. The Tutankhamun Galleries is a museum’s highlight due to the type of artifacts found, such as the golden death mask. In the Royal Mummy Room, you will find the remains of many pharaohs. The Egyptian Museum was designed by the French architect Marcel Dourgnon with the help of the building company from Italy, owned by Giuseppe Garozzo and Francesco Zaffrani.
Address: El-Tahrir Square, Ismailia, Qasr El Nil, Cairo Governorate 4272083, Egypt
This fortress is located over the Mokattam Hill in Cairo. By the order of Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub, also known as Saladin, the citadel was constructed with many impressive architectures, like the Mosque of Muhammad Ali (Alabaster Mosque) using Ottoman design, which offers panoramic views of Cairo in the central dome and towers. Potential invaders of the city were stopped using the Citadel of Saladin. Islamic architecture was combined with military authority that created tales, halls, museums, and courtyards inside this citadel. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Address: 27H6+X3M, Passage Inside Salah Al Din, Al Abageyah, El Khalifa, Cairo Governorate 4252360, Egypt
It is an iconic and large mosque located within the Citadel of Saladin. Muhammad Ali Pasha ordered its construction in the 19th century. There is a central dome with four minarets, which are Islamic symbols used for the call to prayer. The main materials of this iconic mosque are alabaster and marble. The prayer hall includes many architectural details, calligraphy, chandeliers, and carpets. The central dome patterns create a visually serene atmosphere. The mosque provides scenic views of Cairo that captivate all visitors and represent an important part of Egyptian history.
Address: 27H5+FXM, Al Abageyah, El Khalifa, Cairo Governorate 4252360, Egypt
It’s known as the Old Cairo neighborhood or Christian Cairo due to the Coptic Christian heritage in this area. Coptic Cairo has many old churches and Christian structures. The Hanging Church, also known as the Saint Virgin Mary’s Coptic Orthodox Church, is one of the most popular attractions in Coptic Cairo. There is also the Ben Ezra Synagogue from the 9th century, which represents Jewish historical heritage. The Coptic Museum and the many ancient walls and gates from the Roman times are other major attractions of the area. In Coptic Cairo, the tradition says that Mary, Joseph, and the infant Jesus, also known as the Holy Family, found refuge in this area while in Egypt.
Address: Coptic Cairo, Kom Ghorab, Old Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
It is officially known as Saint Virgin Mary’s Coptic Orthodox Church located in the Coptic Cairo. It’s the oldest church in Cairo from the 3rd century AD. The church’s architectural design combines medieval Egyptian, Coptic, and Byzantine styles. There are 13 marble pillars representing Jesus Christ and the Twelve Apostles. It is believed that the Holy Family, Mary, Joseph, and baby Jesus, sought refuge during their time in Egypt at the location of the Hanging Church. It is an active church that provides regular religious services for worship and pilgrimage, like liturgies and ceremonies.
Address: Kom Ghorab, Old Cairo, Cairo Governorate 4244001, Egypt
It’s a valley located northwest of Cairo, also known as the Nitrian Desert. It is a center for Christianity since its early centuries. The valley has four major Coptic Orthodox monasteries: Monastery of Saint Pishoy, Syrian Monastery, Monastery of Saint John the Baptist, and Monastery of Saint Macarius the Great. Many Christian Monks went to Wadi El Natrun to find spiritual growth while practicing contemplation and prayer. Another Coptic Museum can be found inside the Monastery of Saint Pishoy in Wadi El Natrun, which shows manuscripts, artworks, and many artifacts related to the Coptic Christian heritage.
This monastery was founded in the 4th century after Saint Macarius the Great, and it is part of the many ancient monastic communities in Wadi El Natrun for Christian spirituality. The Monastery of Saint Macarious has many cells for monks, churches, chapels, and other facilities. Monks still go to the monastery in the desert landscape for prayer and spiritual growth. It is open to the public with the curiosity to experience a spiritual ambiance and learn historical and architectural aspects.
Address: 7FRG+HH3, Beni Salama, Natrn Valley, Beheira Governorate 5724702, Egypt
The Saint Bishoy was an Egyptian Christian monk considered one of the Desert Fathers that founded the Monastery of Saint Bishoy in the 4th century AD. This monastery forms part of the historical monastic community following the traditions of Coptic Orthodox Christianity. Coptic iconography and decorations cover the architecture of the church inside the monastery. The monastery is open to the public and will give you a spiritual atmosphere.
Address: 8995+JRG، طريق دير الانبا بيشوي, Natrn Valley, Beheira Governorate 22856, Egypt
Alexander the Great founded the city in 331 BCE. The Mediterranean Sea is close to this city, which provides scenic coastal views and maritime climate. The Corniche and the waterfront are two of the most popular visited areas. Greek, Roman, Egyptian, and Islamic influences have passed through Alexandria, reflected in its cuisine, architecture, and traditions. In Alexandria, you can find many historical landmarks like the Qaitbay Citadel, the Pharos Lighthouse, and the Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa. Nowadays, the city’s atmosphere has changed, and it has become the second-largest city in Egypt, with many lively markets, festivals, and art events. The Stanley Bridge gives the city a modern panoramic view, and it is a popular spot for walks and contemplating the sea.
It’s a historic fortress symbol of the city’s maritime heritage. During the reign of Sultan Qaitbay, the Citadel of Qaitbay was constructed between 1477 and 1480. This citadel was used to defend the city from potential Mediterranean sea invasions. The Pharos Lighthouse, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, was located in the Citadel of Qaitbay; the citadel uses parts of the ruins of the Pharos Lighthouse in its construction to symbolically connect the ancient with the modern world. There is currently a lighthouse tower, but not working as a lighthouse but rather as a historical significance that adds visual appeal to the fortress. You can enjoy panoramic views of the Mediterranean Sea, the city of Alexandria, and the Eastern Harbor. The Citadel of Qaitbay is a popular tourist attraction for its historical significance, scenic views, and architectural features.
Address: As Sayalah Sharq, Al Gomrok, Alexandria Governorate 5321431, Egypt
It’s famous for the breathtaking views of the Mediterranean Sea while enjoying a walk, especially during sunrise and sunset. The Corniche has a long, wide, and paved pathway adequate for walks, cycling, or jogging. Gardens and green spaces are available along the Corniche, where you can do picnics and relax. You can see the Citadel of Qaitbay and the Bibliotheca Alexandrina from the Corniche. The Stanley Bridge is part of Alexandria’s Corniche, offering panoramic views to pedestrians looking to enjoy the sea views and city landscapes. During the evenings, locals and tourists can enjoy street performances and many other recreational activities available in the corniche.
Address: Al Kornish, Al Ibrahimeyah Bahri WA Sidi Gaber, Bab Sharqi, Alexandria Governorate 5424090, Egypt
During the Greco-Roman period of Egypt, the Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa originated that is around the 2nd century AD. The catacomb combines elements of ancient Egyptian, Greek, and Roman burial practices of different religions and cultures. Many subterranean chambers, tunnels, and passages form part of the architectural features of the catacombs. The Egyptian beliefs in the afterlife are evident in the burial rituals and structures. Mythological figures, deities, sculptures, artworks, and scenes from daily life events are part of the unique elements of the catacombs. A spiral staircase called the Tunnel of Caracalla also leads down to the lower levels of the Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa.
Address: 12 متفرع من ش, Ras at Tin, Alexandria Governorate, Egypt
The Pompey’s Pillar also known as the Serapeum of Alexandria, was built in honor of the Roman Emperor Diocletian and not the Roman general Pompey. It’s around 26.85 meters (88 feet) in height and was constructed using Aswan red granite. The Pompey’s Pillar was carved from a single piece of stone, making it a monolithic column. There was a temple complex for the god Serapis, for which the pillar was erected. Pompey’s Pillar is one of the few ancient monuments still preserved until now, and it is open to the public through a staircase that leads to the top, which also offers panoramic views of Alexandria.
Since 2002, it is currently known as the Bibliotheca Alexandrina. The Great Library was one of the most famous libraries of the ancient world, famous for the historical and mysterious characteristics of the time. The successor of Alexander the Great, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, founded The Great Library in the 3rd century BCE. Scholars, mathematicians, astronomers, and philosophers of that time, including Archimedes and Eratosthenes, contributed to the library’s collection. Due to many reasons, such as fires, political instability, and other conflicts, the eventual destruction of the Great Library took place, but it is still alive to symbolize the pursuit of knowledge and cultural and intellectual heritage. The recently renovated Great Library of Alexandria, now called the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, conserves the original spirit of the previous library, and it is currently serving as a learning and cultural exchange center.
Address: Al Azaritah WA Ash Shatebi, Bab Sharqi, Alexandria Governorate 21526, Egypt
It’s a historic city, also known as Rashid, close to the Nile Delta, one of the world’s largest river deltas. It was a main trading and harbor center during the Pharaonic, Hellenistic, Roman, and Islamic eras. Rashid is the Arabic name for the city, while Rosetta is the Latin name meaning “rose garden.” When in 1799 the Rosetta Stone was found, Rosetta City earned global historical significance. The Rosetta Stone is a broken stone with messages carved into it that serve to translate ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic writing. Many mosques and old houses dating back from historical periods are still part of the Rosetta architecture.
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